Anxiety is a perfectly normal emotion. It is the body's normal reaction to stress. It is nervousness or fear about what is to come. It's your brain's way of responding to stress and warning you of possible dangers.
Everyone experiences anxiety from time to time. You may get worried when faced with a challenge at work, before taking a test or making an important decision.
Anxiety is normal on occasion. But Anxiety disorders, on the other hand, are different. They are a group of mental illnesses that cause extreme anxiety and fear. Excessive anxiety can affect your daily routines like avoiding going to work, school, family gatherings, and other social situations that could trigger or worsen your symptoms.
Panic, fear, and uneasiness
Feelings of panic, doom, or danger
Not being able to stay calm and still
Cold, sweaty, numb, or tingling hands or feet
Shortness of breath
Breathing faster and more quickly than normal (hyperventilation)
Heart palpitations
Dry mouth
Nausea
Tense muscles
Dizziness
Thinking about a problem over and over again and unable to stop (rumination)
Inability to concentrate
Intensely or obsessively avoiding feared objects or places
Anxiety disorders are like other forms of mental illness. They don’t come from personal weakness, character flaws, or problems with upbringing. But researchers don’t know exactly what causes anxiety disorders. They suspect a combination of factors plays a role:
Severe or long-lasting stress can change the chemical balance that controls your mood. Experiencing a lot of stress over a long period can lead to an anxiety disorder.
Experiencing a trauma might trigger an anxiety disorder, especially in someone who has inherited a higher risk to start.
Anxiety disorders tend to run in families. You may inherit them from one or both parents, like eye color.
Medication. Several types of drugs are used to treat anxiety disorders.
Modern antidepressants are usually the first drugs prescribed for people suffering from an anxiety disorder.
Another type of antidepressant commonly used to treat chronic anxiety. It works differently than antidepressants.
These include tricyclics and MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors). They are less used because of their various side effects, such as drops in blood pressure, dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention, which can be uncomfortable or dangerous for some people.
Your doctor may prescribe one of these medications if you have persistent feelings of panic or anxiety. They help reduce anxiety. Examples are alprazolam and clonazepam. They work quickly, but you can become addicted to them.
This type of high blood pressure medication can help you feel better if you have physical symptoms of anxiety, such as palpitations, tremors, or shaking. A beta-blocker can help you relax during an acute anxiety attack.
These drugs, which are used to prevent seizures in people with epilepsy, can also relieve certain symptoms of anxiety disorder.
Low doses of these drugs may be added to help other treatments work better.
This anti-anxiety medication is sometimes used to treat chronic anxiety.
This is a type of counseling that helps you learn how your emotions affect your behaviors. It’s sometimes called talk therapy. A trained mental health specialist listens and talks to you about your thoughts and feelings and suggests ways to understand and manage them and your anxiety disorder.
Cognitive behavioral therapy, a common type of psychotherapy teaches you how to turn negative, or panic-causing, thoughts and behaviors into positive ones. You’ll learn ways to carefully approach and manage fearful or worrisome situations without anxiety.
You will have excessive, unrealistic worries and tension for no reason.
You feel the sudden, intense fear that a panic attack brings. During a panic attack, you may sweat, have chest pain, and have a pounding heart. Sometimes you may feel like you are suffocating or having a heart attack.
Also called social phobia, it's when you feel overwhelming anxiety and self-doubt about everyday social situations. You are obsessively worried about being judged by others.
You feel an intense fear of a specific object or situation, such as heights or flying.
You have an intense fear of being in a place where it seems difficult to escape or get help if an emergency occurs. For example, you may panic or feel anxious when you are on a plane, on public transport, or standing in a queue with a crowd.
Children are not the only ones who feel fear or anxiety when a loved one leaves. Anyone can get separation anxiety disorder. If you do this, you will feel very anxious or scared when the person you are close to leaves your sight. You will always be afraid that something bad might happen to your loved one.
This is a type of social anxiety where young children who normally talk to their family do not talk in public, such as at school.
Taking certain medications or drugs can trigger some of the symptoms of an anxiety disorder.
Stick to your treatment plan
Cut down on foods and drinks that have caffeine, such as coffee, tea, cola, energy drinks, and chocolate.
Don’t use alcohol and drugs.
Eat right and exercise.
Get better sleep
Learn to relax
Manage your negative thoughts. Thinking positive thoughts can help reduce anxiety.
Get together with friends
Seek support
Ask your doctor or pharmacist before taking any over-the-counter meds or herbal remedies.
It can be challenging and frustrating to live with an anxiety disorder. Constant worry and fear can make you tired and scared. If you've talked to your doctor about your symptoms, then you've taken the first step toward letting go of your worries.
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